Nepal Earthquake Desk Project, Phase 3

Project Background

Many schools in far-west Nepal continue to operate in traditional or non-engineered buildings with limited protective measures for children during earthquakes. Difficult terrain, scattered settlements, limited technical resources and weak quality-control systems further constrain school-safety improvements. The 2015 Gorkha Earthquake reinforced the need for practical, scalable measures that reduce immediate risk while longer-term retrofitting and reconstruction continue.

The Earthquake Desk is an interim life-safety measure: a precisely manufactured classroom desk intended to provide students with a stronger protective space during seismic shaking. Phase 3 moves beyond isolated prototypes by building local production capacity, introducing quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC), prioritizing vulnerable classrooms, and seeking government support for monitoring and endorsement.

Why Earthquake Desks?

They provide an immediately deployable protective measure for children in buildings that cannot yet be replaced or retrofitted. The project combines the product with manufacturing controls, classroom planning and government oversight.

Project Purpose
To create safer learning environments in vulnerable schools through the Nepal-based production and placement of quality Earthquake Desks, while establishing the technical, institutional and coordination systems needed for reliable scaling.

Specific objectives

  • Co-develop practical processes for volume production of Nepal-made Earthquake Desks.
  • Prepare initial QA/QC guidelines and promote standardized manufacturing and certification.
  • Identify and prioritize high-risk classrooms and prepare appropriate desk layouts.
  • Strengthen coordination among governments, schools, manufacturers and technical partners.
  • Build awareness, institutional capacity and government commitment for sustainable school safety.

 

Target Groups

  • Students and teachers in vulnerable schools
  • School management and local governments
  • Local desk manufacturers and fabricators
  • Engineers, technical institutions and DRR stakeholders

 

Expected Results

  • A Nepal-based production process capable of delivering precisely manufactured desks at limited volume.
  • Local manufacturers with improved technical knowledge, production discipline and understanding of required safety standards.
  • Initial QA/QC guidance for manufacture, inspection, approval and ongoing monitoring.
  • Priority classrooms identified through seismic vulnerability, student need and implementation feasibility.
  • Earthquake Desks delivered and positioned in selected classrooms, supported by layout planning and handover arrangements.
  • Stronger collaboration among NSET, GHI, municipalities, schools, manufacturers, technical institutions and communities.
  • Greater government ownership of desk quality, school earthquake preparedness and replication pathways.

 

Implementation & Monitoring

NSET serves as the national technical and implementation contributor, coordinating closely with GHI and local stakeholders. Progress will be tracked through workplan updates, technical meetings, stakeholder consultations, manufacturer support, classroom assessments, monitoring visits, desk-placement records, QA/QC documentation and final reporting. Procurement and service management will follow NSET procedures and donor compliance requirements.

Sustainability

Sustainability will be pursued through trained local manufacturers, practical QA/QC systems, government endorsement and monitoring, municipal and school ownership, technical documentation, and continued collaboration to replicate the model in other vulnerable schools.

Training for Mason and Engineering Professional on Earthquake Resistant New Construction and Retrofit

PROJECT BACKGROUND
Dadeldhura is located in a seismically active region where hilly terrain, scattered settlements and widespread non-engineered construction increase earthquake risk. Many buildings are constructed by local masons who have had limited formal exposure to earthquake-resistant methods. GHI, NSET and Ajayameru Rural Municipality therefore organized this seven-day capacity-building program to improve safer new construction and retrofitting practices.

OVERALL OBJECTIVE
Enhance the technical capacity of local masons and municipal engineering professionals to construct and retrofit safer, earthquake-resistant buildings.
IMPLEMENTATION PARTNERSHIP
• GeoHazards International (GHI): funding and.
• NSET: curriculum, trainers, practical delivery, coordination, evaluation, and technical guidance
• Ajayameru Rural Municipality: participant selection, venue, ward coordination and local ownership.

FOCU TRAININGS
• Earthquake basics, local seismic risk and preparedness
• Safe site selection and appropriate building configuration
• Quality materials, workmanship and construction-site management
• Load-bearing masonry and seismic bands/vertical reinforcement
• RCC foundations, columns, beams, slabs and staircase detailing
• Repair versus retrofit; splint-and-bandage and jacketing methods
• Alternative and environment-friendly construction materials
• Nepal National Building Code (NBC) and the role of masons
• Training-of-Trainers inputs for municipal engineering professionals

Participant profile: 24 masons and 6 engineering professionals from all six wards of Ajayameru Rural Municipality; 28 men and 2 women.

MAJOR PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES
• Four working groups combined classroom learning with daily assignments and model construction.
• Set out building plans using the 3-4-5 method and examined safer sites and building configurations.
• Built a full-scale load-bearing masonry model with plinth, lintel, roof and gable bands plus vertical reinforcement.
• Fabricated a full-scale RCC frame model, slab reinforcement, cantilever/continuous slab details and staircase reinforcement.
• Practiced retrofitting (splint-and-bandage, corner stitching and jacketing) on a masonry model.

Retrofitting brick masonry building with splint and bandage method
• Produced and tested concrete bricks, stone-crete blocks and RCC slabs to demonstrate curing and correct reinforcement placement.

Slab load test
• Completed pre/post tests, course evaluation, certification and a municipal closing session.

CHALLENGES
• Technical terminology required added explanation in local language.
• Long walking distances caused fatigue and affected full-day attendance.
• Participants from remote wards requested lodging and meal support.

LESSONS LEARNED
• Confirm participants early and schedule around work/agricultural demands.
• Full-scale models and demonstrations transfer skills better than theory alone.
• Local training builds lasting technical capacity and community resilience.

FOLLOW-UP ACTIONS
• Update ward-level lists of active masons.
• Organize advanced and refresher training, especially for retrofitting.
Continue NBC awareness, municipal guidance and technical follow-up